80 One-Word Answer Quiz Questions – Biology Form 1

Examining Cell Structure Using a Microscope

1. What instrument is used to observe cells? Microscope
2. What is the basic unit of life? Cell
3. What type of microscope has two lenses? Compound
4. What part of the microscope magnifies the specimen? Eyepiece
5. What part of the microscope holds the slide? Stage
6. What knob is used for precise focusing? Fine
7. What is used to illuminate the specimen? Light
8. What do scientists use to prepare thin tissue samples? Slide
9. What lens provides the highest magnification? Objective
10. What is the total magnification if an eyepiece is 10x and the objective lens is 40x? 400x

Basic Cell Structure and Classification

11. What is the outer boundary of an animal cell? Membrane
12. What organelle controls cell activities? Nucleus
13. What organelle produces energy? Mitochondrion
14. What structure provides shape in plant cells? Cell wall
15. What organelle contains chlorophyll? Chloroplast
16. What fluid fills the cell and holds organelles? Cytoplasm
17. What organelle stores food and waste in plant cells? Vacuole
18. What is the control center of the cell? Nucleus
19. What organelle helps with protein synthesis? Ribosome
20. What part of the plant cell transports proteins? Endoplasmic reticulum

Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic Cells

21. What type of cell has a nucleus? Eukaryotic
22. What type of cell lacks a nucleus? Prokaryotic
23. What type of cells do bacteria have? Prokaryotic
24. What type of cells do animals have? Eukaryotic
25. What organelle is absent in prokaryotic cells? Nucleus
26. What cell structure is present in both cell types? Membrane
27. What structure helps bacteria move? Flagella
28. What small circular DNA is found in bacteria? Plasmid
29. What organelle is common in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? Ribosome
30. What is the genetic material in bacterial cells? DNA

Specialized Cells in Animals and Plants

31. What type of cell carries electrical signals? Nerve
32. What cell transports oxygen in the blood? Red blood cell
33. What plant cell absorbs water from the soil? Root hair
34. What muscle cell is responsible for movement? Skeletal
35. What plant cell helps in photosynthesis? Palisade
36. What plant cells open and close stomata? Guard
37. What cell in the male reproductive system moves sperm? Sperm
38. What tube carries water in plants? Xylem
39. What tube transports food in plants? Phloem
40. What cell in the respiratory tract has hair-like projections? Ciliated

Adaptive Features of Specialized Cells

41. What feature allows red blood cells to carry oxygen? Haemoglobin
42. What feature helps sperm cells swim? Tail
43. What adaptation makes root hair cells absorb water? Large surface area
44. What plant organelle allows photosynthesis? Chloroplast
45. What feature makes muscle cells contract? Fibres
46. What thick structure provides support in plant cells? Cell wall
47. What adaptation helps guard cells regulate water loss? Stomata
48. What plant cell has a hollow tube structure for transport? Xylem
49. What allows phloem cells to transport sugars? Sieve plates
50. What specialized cell fights infections? White blood cell

Functions of Cell Organelles

51. What organelle produces energy? Mitochondrion
52. What organelle stores genetic material? Nucleus
53. What organelle packages and transports proteins? Golgi
54. What organelle synthesizes proteins? Ribosome
55. What organelle digests waste materials? Lysosome
56. What organelle transports substances in the cell? Endoplasmic reticulum
57. What provides structural support in plants? Cell wall
58. What organelle stores nutrients in plant cells? Vacuole
59. What organelle is responsible for photosynthesis? Chloroplast
60. What controls movement in and out of the cell? Membrane

Food Nutrients and Classification

61. What nutrient provides energy? Carbohydrates
62. What nutrient helps in tissue growth and repair? Proteins
63. What nutrient provides insulation and energy storage? Lipids
64. What nutrient helps in digestion and prevents constipation? Fibre
65. What vitamin helps in blood clotting? Vitamin K
66. What vitamin is needed for good eyesight? Vitamin A
67. What mineral strengthens bones? Calcium
68. What mineral prevents anemia? Iron
69. What mineral is essential for nerve function? Potassium
70. What liquid nutrient is essential for all life processes? Water

Nutritional Needs and Diets

71. What nutrient is most important for pregnant women? Folic acid
72. What nutrient do athletes need most? Carbohydrates
73. What nutrient do infants require for brain development? Omega-3
74. What group needs more protein for muscle repair? Adolescents
75. What nutrient is vital for energy production? Glucose
76. What group requires more calcium for bone strength? Aged
77. What nutrient is essential for nursing mothers? Protein
78. What deficiency causes weak bones in children? Rickets
79. What deficiency causes swollen thyroid glands? Goitre
80. What nutrient deficiency causes anemia? Iron